#Oral health: Both the cause and signs of physical illness

Oral health is more important than you might think.

The health of your mouth, teeth and gums can affect your overall health - at the same time physical illnesses can affect the health of your mouth.

What is the connection between oral health and general health?

In your mouth, as in the rest of your body, there is a large number of bacteria, most of which are harmless. But the mouth is the gateway to your digestive and respiratory tracts, and some of these bacteria can cause disease.

Normally, the body's natural defenses and good oral hygiene, such as daily brushing and flossing, keep bacteria under control. However, without careful oral hygiene, the bacteria can reach levels that can lead to oral infections such as tooth decay and gum disease.

Certain medications—such as decongestants, antihistamines, pain relievers, diuretics, and antidepressants—can also decrease salivary flow. The saliva washes away the food and neutralizes the acids produced by the bacteria in the mouth to protect you from microbes that multiply and lead to disease.

Studies suggest that oral bacteria and the inflammation associated with a severe form of gum disease (periodontitis) may play a role in several diseases. At the same time, certain diseases, such as diabetes and HIV/AIDS, can reduce the body's resistance to infection, which in turn can lead to problems in the mouth.

What diseases can be associated with oral health?

Impaired oral health can contribute to various diseases and conditions, including:

endocarditis. This infection of the inner lining of the chambers or valves of the heart (endocardium) usually occurs when bacteria or other germs from another part of the body, such as the heart, become infected. B. from the mouth, spread through the bloodstream and attach to certain parts of the heart.

cardiovascular diseases. While the link isn't fully understood, some research suggests that heart disease, blocked arteries, and stroke may be related to the inflammation and infection that oral bacteria can cause.

Pregnancy and childbirth complications. Periodontitis has been linked to preterm birth and low birth weight.

Lung infection. Certain bacteria from the mouth can travel to the lungs and cause pneumonia and other respiratory diseases.

On the other hand, certain physical conditions can also affect your oral health, including:

Diabetes. Because diabetes reduces your body's resistance to infection, your gums are at risk. Gum disease appears to be more common and severe in diabetics. Research shows that people with gum disease are less able to control their blood sugar levels. Regular periodontal treatment can improve diabetes control.

HIV/AIDS. Oral problems such as B. painful mucosal lesions are common in people with HIV/AIDS.

Osteoporosis. This bone-weakening disease is associated with periodontal bone loss and tooth loss. Certain medications used to treat osteoporosis carry a small risk of damaging the jawbones.

Alzheimer's disease. Oral health deteriorates as Alzheimer's disease progresses.

Other conditions that may be associated with oral health include eating disorders, rheumatoid arthritis, certain types of cancer, and a disease of the immune system that causes dry mouth (Sjogren's syndrome).

Therefore: Tell your dentist about the medications you are taking and any changes in your general health, especially if you have been ill recently or have a chronic disease such as diabetes.

How can I protect my oral health?

To protect your oral health, you should practice good oral hygiene every day.

Brush your teeth at least twice a day for two minutes each time. Use a soft-bristled toothbrush and fluoridated toothpaste.

Floss daily.

Use a mouthwash to remove food residue after brushing and flossing.

Eat a healthy diet and avoid sugary foods and drinks.

Replace your toothbrush every three to four months or sooner if the bristles are bent or worn out.

Go to regular check-ups and teeth cleanings.

Avoid tobacco use.

Also, consult your dentist or dental hygienist whenever an oral health problem arises. Taking care of your oral health is an investment in your overall health.

Text source: Mayo Clinic publication (Rochester, Minnesota)